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Authority record

Adney, Edwin Tappan

  • Person
  • 1868-1950

Edwin Tappan Adney was born in 1868 in Athens, Ohio. He first visited Woodstock, New Brunswick, in 1887, just before entering Columbia University. He returned to Woodstock from time to time, and eventually made it his home. In 1897-1898, Adney became one of the first reporters to cover the gold rush in the Yukon. In 1900, he was a special correspondent for Collier's Weekly during the gold rush at Nome, Alaska. Adney married Minnie Bell Sharp, daughter of Francis Peabody Sharp, a horticulturalist and apple grower in Jacksonville, NB, in 1899. They had one son, Glenn, born in 1902, who became a jazz musician and then an actuary for the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company in New York. Minnie Bell died in 1937; Tappan Adney died at Woodstock, in 1950.

Adney’s studies of American Indian culture resulted in the publication of a great number of works, including books on the natural history, religion, and myths of the Northeastern Indian tribes and the Maliseets of New Brunswick. The New Brunswick Museum in Saint John holds a collection of his models of canoes and other findings.

Tappan Adney's knowledge of historical heraldry permitted him to work on many decoration projects (carved shields of arms, overmantels, etc.) for colleges and public buildings throughout Canada. Projects included the Royal Military College, Kingston; Queen's University; the University of British Columbia; and the Manoir Richelieu. Adney also painted mural panels for the Hudson's Bay Company building in Winnipeg. In 1926, E. T. Adney won a competition organized by the Montreal newspaper, "La Presse," for the creation of a Canadian flag. His design remained a contender in competitions until the late 1940s.

Source: "Friend of Indians, E.T. Adney Widely Known Writer, Artist, Passes Here", The Sentinel Press; October 12, 1950.

Adney, Minnie Bell (Sharp)

  • Person
  • 1865-1937

Minnie Bell Sharp, the daughter of Francis Peabody Sharp, was born in 1865, probably at Woodstock, Carleton County, New Brunswick. Her father was a well-known horticulturist who owned a large apple orchard near Woodstock. An accomplished singer and pianist, Minnie Sharp operated the Victoria Conservatory of Music in Victoria, British Columbia in the 1890s. She also conducted the Woodstock School of Music for many years. On 12 September 1899, Minnie Bell Sharp married artist and author Edwin Tappan Adney (1868-1950) of New York, who was well-known for his interest in local Maliseet culture. They had one child, Francis Glenn Adney, who was born 9 July 1902 at Woodstock.

Outside her musical career and family life, Minnie Adney had a keen interest in politics. In 1919, one year after all Canadian women were granted the right to vote in federal elections, she attempted to run as a Conservative candidate in the Victoria-Carleton riding, but her nomination papers mysteriously disappeared. She claimed that her lawyers had accepted bribes. In 1925 she ran as an independent candidate. She received 84 votes while the Conservative candidate, James Flemming got 6859 and the Liberal, 4958. No woman was returned to a federal seat in New Brunswick until 1964. Minnie Bell Sharp Adney died on 11 April 1937 in Carleton County.

Advent Christian Church (Woodstock, N.B.)

  • Corporate body
  • [ca. 1898] -

Advent Christian beginnings can be traced back to William Miller, an American soldier, farmer, justice of the peace, and preacher, who believed in the plea for repentance and the reception of Christ as Saviour. The Advent Christian faith is partly founded on Miller's teachings concerning the second coming of Christ. Miller had believed that the end of the world would be facilitated with the coming of Christ and that this event would occur in 1843. Miller gained many followers through this belief, and although the world did not end, his number of followers diminished only slightly. William Miller's movement, labelled "Millerism," did eventually disappear, but the Advent Christian Church grew out of Miller's theology.

The Advent Christian Church in Woodstock, New Brunswick, was built in the latter part of the nineteenth century. The Woodstock church's first elders, ca. 1898-1900, were Tucker, Archibald, Hall, Jackson, Martin, and Kelley . Followers attended the church on a membership basis and collections were taken. The Woodstock church was affiliated with the church in Jacksonville whose monies were collected by the Woodstock church.

The women of the Woodstock Advent Christian Church organized the Women's Home and Foreign Mission Society to cultivate the missionary spirit in the church and to aid the church in the Christian elevation of women in all lands and to send the Gospel of the Kingdom throughout the world. By 1950, the church had also organized a tithing class.

A.E. Wry Standard Manufacturing Company

  • MC-10
  • Corporate body
  • 1902-1939

Albert Edward (A.E.) Wry was born in Sackville, New Brunswick on March 23, 1864 to James Wry and Charlotte T. Kay. He married Emma J. Richardson on June 5, 1889, in Sackville, New Brunswick. He died on November 30, 1945, at the age of 81, and is buried in Sackville, New Brunswick. The A.E. Wry Standard Manufacturing Company came into existence as an amalgamation of three local companies located in Middle Sackville, New Brunswick: the Ayer Boot & Shoe Company (Acquired by A.E. in 1902), the Abner Smith Manufacturer of Boots and Shoes (Acquired by A.E. in 1903), and A.E Wry’s own company, A.E. Wry & Co. Harness (founded in 1896). Prior to starting his own company, Albert Edward Wry had been a long-time employee of J. R. Ayer. Wry’s business became known as the Standard Manufacturing Company by 1906. In 1914, the shareholders of the Standard Manufacturing Company and A. E. Wry Limited, the two main branches of this industry, combined their efforts to form A.E Wry - Standard Ltd. This company was the largest of its kind in Canada, manufacturing boots and shoes, moccasins and shoe packs, harnesses of all types, and various types of leather. They were also jobbers of saddlery, hardware, leather, Saskatchewan robes and coats, sheepskin coats, trunks, bags, and other things. The date that the A.E Wry - Standard Ltd. Company officially closed its doors has not been determined, though in 1939 the property was acquired by the J. L. Black Company after their main store and warehouse burned down.

Agricultural Museum (NB)

  • Person
  • 1986 - present

The Agriculture Museum came about when members of the agricultural field in New Brunswick decided to showcase the long tradition of farm inning in the Province. They are dedicated to showcasing farming prior to the 1970's. They have one of the largest collection of agricultural artefacts in the Maritimes. The Museum grounds is housed where the Tank Hangers used to be in Camp Sussex. On the grounds there is a CN Train station as well as a Blacksmith's workshop. The Museum is open June to August. Guided tours are available.

Agricultural Society (Sussex and Studholm, N.B.)

  • Corporate body
  • Established 1841

The Sussex and Studholm Agricultural Society #21 was founded in 1841 to promote and improve the state of agriculture in New Brunswick. During the early years, the society tried to establish better agricultural practices and contributed to the improvement of livestock by importing breeding stock and holding weekly livestock auctions.

Akerly, Lavinia

  • Person
  • fl. 1868-1869

Lavinia Akerly lived in the parish of Wickham in Queens County, New Brunswick. As a single woman, she delivered a bastard child in 1868 and alleged that William Keleher was the father. She applied to the overseers for the poor, fearing that she would be unable to support the child. They prepared to bring charges against Keleher.

In 1869, his brother, James Keleher, a mail contractor, agreed to pay Lavinia $60 if she would agree to withdraw all other claims against William and refuse to help the overseers of the poor charge him for child support. Her brothers, Adam Akerly and Amos Akerly of Wickham, both farmers, were bound to the same conditions. Lavinia does not appear in the 1861 census and neither she nor her child appear in the 1871 census.

Alberton-Elmsdale Pastoral Charge

  • Corporate body
  • 1829 -

A pastoral charge is a grouping of churches termed "preaching points" -- each with separate names and governing boards or sessions. These churches are served by one minister. The pastoral charge title usually reflects the breadth of the geographic area encompassing the charge.

Alberton-Elmsdale Pastoral Charge is on Prince Edward Island. Preaching points are at Alberton (Gordon Memorial) and Elmsdale.

Presbyterian ministers were visiting the Alberton area as early as 1826. In 1829, Presbyterian families in Alberton petitioned Prince Edward Island Presbytery for regular supply and William McGregor began to visit the area twice year, covering five Sundays. In 1831, 14 families decided to organize themselves into a distinct pastoral charge and construction of a church began in that same year with the exterior of the building being completed in 1833. By 1835, the church building was in use. The first settled minister to the charge was Rev J.C. Sinclair who arrived in 1843. Construction began on a larger building in 1854 but it was destroyed by fire just before completion and construction began on a new building (The Old Dock Church) was completed in 1856.

In 1865, West Cape, Brae, and Campbellton separated from Alberton to form a new congregation. Almost 20 years later, in 1881, Montrose, Elmsdale, and Tignish separated from the congregation at Alberton to become a separate pastoral charge.

The first Presbyterian church in Montrose was built in 1885. There was also a Methodist church across the river from the present side. Anticipating church union, the Methodist Church was sold to the Anglicans, whose church had burned, in 1924. The Presbyterian Church became the United Church building in 1925. That church building burned in May 1944 and a new building was opened on November 11, 1945. Regular services in the church ended in 1969 with services being held a couple of times in the summer.

In 1859, the Methodists in Bedeque recommended that Rev Robert Wilson, a missionary, be sent to the area along the coast between West Cape and North Cape, A year later, the area was formed into the Elmsdale Methodist Mission with Rev. William C. Brown overseeing 13 preaching places. In 1863, the West Cape Methodist Circuit, as it was then known, was divided with a separate preacher being procured for Cascumpec, Kildare, and Tignish. In 1870, the West Cape Methodist Circuit was renamed Alberton Methodist Circuit. From 1902-1925, West Devon which is now part of O'Leary Pastoral Charge was part of the Alberton Circuit. At the time of church union, Alberton Methodist Circuit contained the appointments of Alberton, Montrose, Miminigash, Cascumpec, and West Devon.

Elmsdale became part of the Alberton Methodist Circuit in 1870. Land for construction of a Methodist church in Elmsdale church was obtained in 1880 and a church was built in 1884. The next year the Presbyterian Church purchased the church building from the Methodists.
A church was built in Cascumpec in 1872.

The church in Miminegash began as a Bible Christian preaching station in 1836 and construction was started on a chapel on Lot 7 in 1845. In 1881, both the Bible Christians and the Methodists built new churches. The two denominations were merged into one in 1884. Twelve Bible Christian families went to the Presbyterian Church and the Bible Christian building was used by them until it was sold in 1916.

A church was built in Campbellton circa 1862. Until that time, the Methodist families in Campbellton walked to West Point to church (22 kilometers).

In 1925, the Congregational, Methodist and most Presbyterian Churches were united into one denomination -- the United Church of Canada. Upon church union, Montrose Pastoral Charge contained the preaching points of Elmsdale, Campbellton, Miminegash, and Montrose and Alberton Pastoral Charge consisted of the preaching points of Cascumpec, Tignish, and Alberton. The Methodist church in Alberton was moved to another lot and became the church home of the Presbyterians who did not enter union. The Old Dock Church was moved to the former site of the Methodist Church and became Alberton United Church.

In 1966, Alberton and Montrose Pastoral Charges united to share a minister. This worked so well that the charges amalgamated on 1 July 1969. In 1970, the congregations at Alberton, Montrose, and Cascumpec united to become known as Gordon Memorial and Elmsdale, Miminegash and Campbellton became known as Elmsdale. The Alberton Church is designated "Gordon Memorial" in honour of missionaries to New Hebrides (Erromanga) -- the Reverends George N., and wife Ellen, and James D. Gordon who were martyred.

A union church of Episcopalian, Baptist, Presbyterian, and Methodists was opened in 1861. Twenty years later the Presbyterians joined the pastoral charge of Montrose and Elmsdale and a building was constructed in 1893 on land donated by Mrs. Elizabeth Haywood. Upon church union, Tignish became part of Alberton Pastoral Charge. The building was sold to the Village of Tignish on 5 December 1972 to be used as a museum. In 1979 the village sold the church.

Albion Steam Works (Nashwaaksis, N.B.)

  • Corporate body
  • Founded in 1836

Albion Steam Works was founded in 1836 in Nashwaaksis, New Brunswick, across the St. John River from Fredericton. Co-founders William Braithwaite and William P. Kay, originally doing business as Braithwaite, Kay and Company, combined a variety of business ventures to form the firm. They constructed a brewery, oat and flour mills, a smithy and a cooperage, machinery for garding (gardening or farming), a shop to turn wood and iron, circular sawing for joiners work, facilities to cut hay and straw and for bruising oats. All the company's machinery was run by steam engines. In fact, the owners' primary intention was to open a general engineering firm to serve as an outlet for the sale of steam engines and mill machinery.

In addition, Albion Steam Works operated a general mercantile business. Albion Store sold a variety of imported products, as well as locally produced goods, such as pork, fish, stoves, vinegar, grain, flour, beer, coal, and plaster of Paris. The Works also offered architectural design services, which included estimates for building construction. This work was probably completed by co-founder William Porden Kay, who, in the 1840s and 1850s, would be employed as a colonial architect by his uncle, the governor of Tasmania, to design a number of public buildings there. Merchants John V. Thurger and Robert Chestnut served as company agents in Saint John and Fredericton respectively. In July 1837 the firm expanded when a store opened on upper Queen Street, Fredericton, with Anthony Lockwood as agent. A drying kiln and a barley mill were added in September of the same year.

The services of Albion Steam Works were in demand in the late 1830s. These records suggest that the volume of business increased to the point that the firm acquired the schooner "Mary Ann" to transport raw materials upriver and end products to market. The ledgers contain a number of accounts pertaining to the provisioning of the "Mary Ann". The date Albion Steam Works ceased operation is unknown.

Sources: Daniel Johnson's Vital Statistics from New Brunswick Newspapers on-line; MC248; and other records.

Alcock, F. J.

  • Person

F. J. Alcock (1948) mapped the geology of Grand Manan and the adjacent islands. Alcock's pioneer work clearly delineated the principle features of the bedrock geology of Grand Manan.

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